Power Series
Definition
The series is called a power series, where are coefficients and is the variable.
(sigma): summation symbol.
(infinity): infinitely many terms.
: the -th coefficient of the series.
: radius of convergence.
Convergence
There exists a radius of convergence such that:
- : convergent
- : divergent
- : needs separate check
You can find via the ratio or root test.
Finding the radius
Ratio test
If , then
Root test
If , then
Examples
Example 1
Radius of .
Solution: , ratio limit , so .
Example 2
Radius of .
Solution: , ratio limit , so .
Example 3
Radius of .
Solution: ratio , so .
Example 4
Radius of .
Solution: ratio , so .
练习题
练习 1
Radius of .
思路:Ratio test: .
答案:.
练习 2
Radius of .
思路:Ratio .
答案:.
练习 3
Radius of .
思路:Ratio .
答案:.
练习 4
Radius of .
思路:Ratio .
答案:.
练习 5
Radius of .
思路:Ratio .
答案:.
总结
本文出现的符号
| 符号 | 类型 | 读音/说明 | 在本文中的含义 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 希腊字母 | Sigma(西格玛) | 求和符号,表示级数 | |
| 数学符号 | 无穷大 | 表示无穷级数,项数无限 | |
| 数学符号 | 系数 | 幂级数中第 项的系数 | |
| 数学符号 | 变量 | 幂级数中的变量 | |
| 数学符号 | 收敛半径 | 幂级数收敛的半径 | |
| 数学符号 | 极限值 | 比值或根值的极限 | |
| 数学符号 | 极限 | 表示数列或函数的极限 | |
| 数学符号 | 阶乘 | 的阶乘, |
中英对照
| 中文术语 | 英文术语 | 音标 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 幂级数 | power series | /ˈpaʊə ˈsɪəriːz/ | 形如 的级数 |
| 收敛半径 | radius of convergence | /ˈreɪdiəs əv kənˈvɜːdʒəns/ | 幂级数收敛的半径 |
| 系数 | coefficient | /kəʊɪˈfɪʃənt/ | 幂级数中各项的系数 |
| 比值判别法 | ratio test | /ˈreɪʃiəʊ test/ | 通过相邻项比值判断收敛性的方法 |
| 根值判别法 | root test | /ruːt test/ | 通过 次根判断收敛性的方法 |
| 收敛 | convergence | /kənˈvɜːdʒəns/ | 级数部分和序列有有限极限 |
| 发散 | divergence | /daɪˈvɜːdʒəns/ | 级数部分和序列无有限极限 |
| 阶乘 | factorial | /fækˈtɔːriəl/ |
课程路线图
- 1
Exploring Functions in Advanced Mathematics
先修课程Functions are a core idea of advanced mathematics. This course walks through foundational concepts, key properties, and classic constants so you can read, reason, and compute with confidence.
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Sequences
先修课程Sequences bridge discrete thinking and calculus. This track covers core definitions, limits, convergence, and classic models.
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The World of Limits in Advanced Mathematics
先修课程Limits are the foundation of calculus and one of the most important ideas in advanced mathematics.
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Infinite Series
当前课程Explore convergence tests, summation, power-series expansions, and applications.
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